3D bioprinting ndiukadaulo wapamwamba wopanga womwe umatha kupanga mawonekedwe apadera a minofu ndi mapangidwe ake mosanjikiza-ndi-wosanjikiza ma cell ophatikizidwa, kupangitsa kuti dongosololi liwonetsere mawonekedwe achilengedwe amitundu yambiri yamagazi. Ma inki angapo a hydrogel bio-inks adayambitsidwa kuti apange mapangidwe awa; komabe, ma bio-inks omwe alipo omwe amatha kutsanzira mapangidwe a mitsempha yamagazi achilengedwe amakhala ndi malire. Ma inki apano a bio-ink alibe kusindikiza kwakukulu ndipo sangathe kuyika ma cell amoyo wochuluka kwambiri m'mapangidwe ovuta a 3D, potero amachepetsa luso lawo.

Kuti athane ndi zophophonya izi, Gaharwar ndi Jain adapanga inki yatsopano ya nano-engineered bio-inki kuti asindikize 3D, mitsempha yolondola yamagazi ambiri. Njira yawo imapereka kusintha kwanthawi yeniyeni kwa ma macrostructures ndi ma microstructures amtundu wa minofu, zomwe sizingatheke ndi bio-inks.

Chinthu chapadera kwambiri cha nano-engineered bio-inki ndi chakuti mosasamala kanthu kachulukidwe ka selo, imasonyeza kusindikizidwa kwakukulu komanso kuthekera koteteza maselo otsekedwa ku mphamvu zometa ubweya wambiri panthawi ya bioprinting. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti 3D bio Maselo osindikizidwa amakhala ndi phenotype wathanzi ndipo amakhalabe otheka kwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi atapangidwa.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe apaderawa, ma nano-engineered bio-inks amasindikizidwa mu mitsempha ya 3D cylindrical blood, yomwe imapangidwa ndi chikhalidwe chamoyo cha maselo a endothelial ndi maselo a mitsempha yosalala, yomwe imapatsa ochita kafukufuku mwayi woyerekeza zotsatira za mitsempha ya magazi ndi matenda.

Chotengera ichi cha 3D bioprinted chimapereka chida chothandizira kumvetsetsa za matenda amitsempha yamagazi ndikuwunika machiritso, poizoni kapena mankhwala ena m'mayesero achipatala.